Modern World History Chapter 18 Test Review: The Scientific, American, and French Revolutions; 18th Century Europe

Test Date:  Thursday, November 20th

Format:

• 15 multiple choice questions, each worth 3 points (45 points)
• Two essay questions (choose ONE), 55 points

 Material you are responsible for:

• The major characteristics and developments of the Scientific Revolution, including:
• Major scientists, their fields of study, and their discoveries/contributions
• Copernicus, Brahe, Kepler, Galileo, Boyle, Vesalius, Des Cartes, Francis Bacon, Sir Isaac Newton

• The major characteristics of the Enlightenment, including
• The connection to the Scientific Revolution
• The individual philosophes and their ideas
• John Locke
• Voltaire
• Rousseau
• Montesquieu
• Adam Smith
• The different forms the Enlightenment took (for example, the Enlightenment in Russia, Austria, and Prussia)

• The causes and consequences of the American Revolution and its relationship to the Enlightenment
• The 7 Years/French and Indian War
• Salutory Neglect
• British taxation policies and colonial response
• The Boston Massacre and Boston Tea Party
• The Battles of Lexington and Concord and the Declaration of Indpendence
• American strategy against the British
• The Constitutional Convention of 1787 and the importance of the new Constitution

• The causes, characteristics, and consequences of the French Revolution and Napoleonic era including
• The influence of the Enlightenment and the Philosophes
• The social dynamics of Paris vs. the countryside of France
• The polices of King Louis XVI and the conflict between the nobility and the monarchy over taxation
• Chronology of events beginning with the calling of the Estates General in May of 1789 through the end of the Directory in 1799
• Reasons for increasing radicalism and changes of government during the French Revolution (including the different forms of government that France went through from the Monarchy to Napoleon)
• The significance of the Jacobins, Robespierre, and the Reign of Terror
• The relationship between Napoleon and the French Revolution
• A comparison of the French Revolution and the American Revolution and an understanding of the “Revolutionary Paradigm” (the pendulum metaphor)